In the present study, the prevalence of ISH at older hypertensive patients was 36 % but most practitioners usually missed since they only diagnosed simple hypertension. Nowadays, the role of ISH is especially important. The recent observational epidemiological studies and randomized controlled trials have demonstrated that SBP is an independent and strong predictor of risk of cardiovascular and renal disease. J A Staessen et al reviewed the results of the three outcome trials in older patients with ISH (SHEP, SYST-EUR, SYST-CHINA) were pooled. Overall, active treatment reduced all-cause mortality by 17% and cardiovascular mortality by 25% compared with placebo. In the Framingham scores have used the SBP to assess the absolute risk 10 years for hard coronary artery disease. And from the INDANA project steering committee, Stuart et al presented the calculation of risk of CVD with five years have also used SBP to calculate score in the 11 risk factors to quantify an adult’s risk of death from CVD including stroke and CHD. Therefore, we need to have an early attention and intervention about the ISH in the elderly for active treatment in daily clinical practice.